Science
Physics, quantum mechanics, relativity, fluid dynamics, acoustics, and optics calculators.
Calculateur de Vitesse
Compute velocity from distance traveled and elapsed time using the fundamental kinematic relation v = d / t.
Calculateur d'Accélération
Determine acceleration from initial velocity, final velocity, and time using a = (vf - vi) / t.
Calculateur de Force
Calculate force from mass and acceleration using Newton's second law F = m * a.
Calculateur de Quantité de Mouvement
Calculate linear momentum from mass and velocity using p = m * v.
Calculateur d'Énergie Cinétique
Compute kinetic energy from mass and velocity using KE = 0.5 * m * v².
Calculateur d'Énergie Potentielle
Calculate gravitational potential energy using PE = m * g * h.
Calculateur de Travail
Calculate work done by a force applied over a distance at an angle using W = F * d * cos(theta).
Calculateur de Puissance (Physique)
Calculate mechanical power from work done and time using P = W / t.
Calculateur de Portée de Projectile
Calculate the horizontal range of a projectile launched from ground level using R = v² * sin(2*theta) / g.
Calculateur de Hauteur de Projectile
Calculate the maximum height reached by a projectile using H = v² * sin²(theta) / (2 * g).
Calculateur de Chute Libre
Calculate the distance an object falls under gravity using d = 0.5 * g * t².
Calculateur de Force de Frottement
Calculate the friction force between surfaces using f = mu * N.
Calculateur de Force Centripète
Calculate the centripetal force required for circular motion using F = m * v² / r.
Calculateur d'Accélération Centripète
Calculate centripetal acceleration for uniform circular motion using a = v² / r.
Calculateur de Couple
Calculate torque from force, lever arm distance, and angle using tau = F * r * sin(theta).
Calculateur de Vitesse Angulaire
Calculate angular velocity from angle of rotation and time using omega = theta / t.
Calculateur d'Accélération Angulaire
Calculate angular acceleration from change in angular velocity over time using alpha = (omega_f - omega_i) / t.
Calculateur de Moment d'Inertie
Calculate moment of inertia for common shapes including solid sphere, hollow sphere, solid cylinder, and thin rod.
Calculateur d'Énergie Potentielle Élastique
Calculate elastic potential energy stored in a spring using PE = 0.5 * k * x².
Calculateur d'Impulsion
Calculate impulse from force and time duration using J = F * t.
Calculateur de Force Gravitationnelle
Calculate the gravitational attraction between two masses using Newton's law of universal gravitation F = G * m1 * m2 / r².
Calculateur de Vitesse de Libération
Calculate the minimum velocity needed to escape a gravitational field using v = sqrt(2 * G * M / r).
Calculateur de Vitesse Orbitale
Calculate the velocity required for a circular orbit using v = sqrt(G * M / r).
Calculateur de Vitesse Terminale
Calculate terminal velocity of a falling object using vt = sqrt(2 * m * g / (rho * A * Cd)).
Calculateur d'Avantage Mécanique
Calculate mechanical advantage as the ratio of output force to input force: MA = F_out / F_in.
Calculateur de Vitesse d'Onde
Calculate the speed of a wave from its frequency and wavelength using the relation v = f * lambda.
Calculateur de Fréquence
Calculate wave frequency from speed and wavelength using f = v / lambda.
Calculateur de Longueur d'Onde
Calculate wavelength from wave speed and frequency using lambda = v / f.
Calculateur de l'Effet Doppler
Calculate the observed frequency when a sound source and observer are in relative motion using the Doppler formula.
Calculateur d'Intensité Sonore
Calculate sound intensity from power and area using I = P / A.
Calculateur de Décibels
Convert sound intensity to decibels using dB = 10 * log10(I / I0) where I0 = 10^-12 W/m².
Sound Wavelength Calculator
Calculate the wavelength of a sound wave accounting for air temperature using lambda = (331.3 + 0.606 * T) / f.
Resonance Frequency Calculator
Calculate the resonant frequency of an open or closed pipe using f = n * v / (2 * L) for open pipes.
String Vibration Calculator
Calculate the frequency of a vibrating string using f = (n / (2L)) * sqrt(T / mu).
Beat Frequency Calculator
Calculate the beat frequency produced when two sound waves of slightly different frequencies interfere: f_beat = |f1 - f2|.
Sound Distance Calculator
Calculate the distance to a sound source from the time delay, using d = v * t.
Mach Number Calculator
Calculate the Mach number of an object as the ratio of its speed to the local speed of sound: M = v / v_sound.
Acoustic Impedance Calculator
Calculate acoustic impedance as the product of medium density and sound speed: Z = rho * v.
Sound Pressure Level Calculator
Calculate sound pressure level in decibels from RMS sound pressure using SPL = 20 * log10(p / p0).
Wave Period Calculator
Calculate the period of a wave from its frequency using T = 1 / f.
Calculateur de la Loi d'Ohm
Calculate voltage, current, or resistance using Ohm's law: V = I * R.
Calculateur de Puissance Électrique
Calculate electrical power using P = V * I, with additional forms P = I²R and P = V²/R.
Resistance Calculator
Calculate electrical resistance from voltage and current using R = V / I.
Series Resistance Calculator
Calculate total resistance of resistors connected in series: R_total = R1 + R2 + R3.
Parallel Resistance Calculator
Calculate total resistance of resistors connected in parallel: 1/R_total = 1/R1 + 1/R2.
Capacitance Calculator
Calculate capacitance from charge and voltage using C = Q / V.
Series Capacitance Calculator
Calculate total capacitance of capacitors in series: 1/C_total = 1/C1 + 1/C2.
Parallel Capacitance Calculator
Calculate total capacitance of capacitors in parallel: C_total = C1 + C2.
Electric Field Calculator
Calculate the electric field strength from a point charge using E = k * Q / r².
Coulomb's Law Calculator
Calculate the electrostatic force between two point charges using Coulomb's law: F = k * |q1 * q2| / r².
Electric Potential Calculator
Calculate electric potential from a point charge using V = k * Q / r.
Magnetic Field Calculator
Calculate the magnetic field around a long straight current-carrying wire using B = mu0 * I / (2 * pi * r).
Inductance Calculator
Calculate the inductance of a solenoid using L = mu0 * N² * A / length.
RC Time Constant Calculator
Calculate the RC time constant of a resistor-capacitor circuit: tau = R * C.
RL Time Constant Calculator
Calculate the RL time constant of a resistor-inductor circuit: tau = L / R.
Electrical Energy Calculator
Calculate electrical energy consumed using E = P * t.
Current Density Calculator
Calculate current density as the ratio of current to conductor cross-sectional area: J = I / A.
Wire Resistance Calculator
Calculate the resistance of a wire from its material, length, and cross-sectional area: R = rho * L / A.
Transformer Calculator
Calculate transformer output voltage and current using the turns ratio: V2/V1 = N2/N1.
Electromagnetic Wavelength Calculator
Calculate the wavelength of an electromagnetic wave from its frequency: lambda = c / f.
Energy Stored in Capacitor Calculator
Calculate energy stored in a capacitor using E = 0.5 * C * V².
Energy Stored in Inductor Calculator
Calculate energy stored in an inductor using E = 0.5 * L * I².
AC Impedance Calculator
Calculate AC impedance of a series RLC circuit: Z = sqrt(R² + (XL - XC)²).
LC Resonant Frequency Calculator
Calculate the resonant frequency of an LC circuit: f = 1 / (2 * pi * sqrt(L * C)).
Electrical Charge Calculator
Calculate electrical charge from current and time using Q = I * t.
Heat Transfer Calculator
Calculate heat energy transferred using Q = m * c * deltaT.
Thermal Expansion Calculator
Calculate linear thermal expansion using DeltaL = alpha * L0 * DeltaT.
Ideal Gas Law Calculator
Calculate pressure, volume, or temperature of an ideal gas using PV = nRT.
Boyle's Law Calculator
Calculate gas behavior at constant temperature using Boyle's law: P1*V1 = P2*V2.
Charles's Law Calculator
Calculate gas behavior at constant pressure using Charles's law: V1/T1 = V2/T2.
Gay-Lussac's Law Calculator
Calculate gas behavior at constant volume using Gay-Lussac's law: P1/T1 = P2/T2.
Heat of Fusion Calculator
Calculate energy required to melt a substance using Q = m * Lf.
Heat of Vaporization Calculator
Calculate energy required to boil a substance using Q = m * Lv.
Thermal Conductivity Calculator
Calculate heat flow rate through a material using Fourier's law: Q/t = k * A * DeltaT / d.
Carnot Efficiency Calculator
Calculate the maximum possible efficiency of a heat engine using Carnot efficiency: eta = 1 - Tc/Th.
Entropy Change Calculator
Calculate entropy change for a reversible heat transfer: DeltaS = Q / T.
Stefan-Boltzmann Calculator
Calculate thermal radiation power using the Stefan-Boltzmann law: P = epsilon * sigma * A * T^4.
Specific Heat Calculator
Calculate specific heat capacity from heat energy, mass, and temperature change: c = Q / (m * DeltaT).
Thermal Resistance Calculator
Calculate thermal resistance (R-value) of a material layer: R = d / k.
Black Body Peak Calculator
Calculate the peak emission wavelength of a black body using Wien's displacement law: lambda_max = b / T.
Snell's Law Calculator
Calculate the angle of refraction using Snell's law: n1*sin(theta1) = n2*sin(theta2).
Lens Equation Calculator
Calculate image distance using the thin lens equation: 1/f = 1/do + 1/di.
Magnification Calculator
Calculate optical magnification from image and object distances or sizes: M = -di/do = hi/ho.
Critical Angle Calculator
Calculate the critical angle for total internal reflection: theta_c = arcsin(n2/n1).
Mirror Equation Calculator
Calculate image position for curved mirrors using 1/f = 1/do + 1/di.
Diffraction Grating Calculator
Calculate diffraction angles using the grating equation: d * sin(theta) = m * lambda.
Brewster Angle Calculator
Calculate Brewster's angle at which reflected light is fully polarized: theta_B = arctan(n2/n1).
Photon Energy Calculator
Calculate the energy of a photon from its frequency or wavelength using E = h * f.
Light Intensity Calculator
Calculate light intensity variation with distance using the inverse square law: I = P / (4 * pi * r²).
Focal Length Calculator
Calculate the focal length of a thin lens from image and object distances: 1/f = 1/do + 1/di.
Radioactive Decay Calculator
Calculate remaining radioactive material using N = N0 * (1/2)^(t/t_half).
Half-Life Calculator
Calculate half-life from initial amount, remaining amount, and elapsed time.
Mass-Energy Calculator
Calculate energy from mass using Einstein's famous equation E = mc².
De Broglie Wavelength Calculator
Calculate the de Broglie wavelength of a particle: lambda = h / (m * v).
Time Dilation Calculator
Calculate relativistic time dilation using t = t0 / sqrt(1 - v²/c²).
Length Contraction Calculator
Calculate relativistic length contraction using L = L0 * sqrt(1 - v²/c²).
Binding Energy Calculator
Calculate nuclear binding energy from mass defect using E = delta_m * c².
Activity Calculator
Calculate radioactive activity (decays per second) using A = lambda * N = (ln2 / t_half) * N.
Relativistic Momentum Calculator
Calculate relativistic momentum using p = gamma * m * v.
Photoelectric Effect Calculator
Calculate kinetic energy of emitted electrons using KE = hf - phi (Einstein's photoelectric equation).
De Broglie Wavelength Calculator
Calculate the de Broglie wavelength of a particle from its momentum: lambda = h / (m * v), where h is Planck's constant.
Heisenberg Uncertainty Calculator
Calculate the minimum uncertainty in position given momentum uncertainty (or vice versa): dx >= hbar / (2 * dp).
Photon Energy-Frequency Calculator
Calculate the energy of a photon from its frequency using E = h * f, the Planck-Einstein relation.
Compton Scattering Calculator
Calculate the wavelength shift in Compton scattering: delta_lambda = (h / (m_e * c)) * (1 - cos(theta)).
Blackbody Peak Wavelength Calculator
Find the peak emission wavelength of a blackbody using Wien's displacement law: lambda_max = b / T, where b = 2.898e-3 m K.
Planck Radiation Calculator
Calculate the spectral radiance of a blackbody at a given wavelength and temperature using Planck's law.
Quantum Tunneling Probability Calculator
Estimate the transmission coefficient for a rectangular barrier: T = exp(-2 * d * sqrt(2m(V-E)) / hbar).
Bohr Model Energy Calculator
Calculate the energy of an electron in a hydrogen-like atom at quantum level n: E_n = -13.6 * Z^2 / n^2 eV.
Hydrogen Spectrum Calculator
Calculate the wavelength of a spectral line of hydrogen using the Rydberg formula: 1/lambda = R * (1/n1^2 - 1/n2^2).
Spin Magnetic Moment Calculator
Calculate the magnetic moment of a spinning charged particle: mu = g * (q / (2m)) * S, using the gyromagnetic ratio and spin quantum number.
Time Dilation Calculator
Calculate relativistic time dilation: t = t0 / sqrt(1 - v^2/c^2), the time observed by a stationary observer.
Length Contraction Calculator
Calculate relativistic length contraction: L = L0 * sqrt(1 - v^2/c^2), the shortened length as seen by a stationary observer.
Relativistic Mass Calculator
Calculate the relativistic (apparent) mass of an object: m_rel = m0 * gamma = m0 / sqrt(1 - v^2/c^2).
Relativistic Kinetic Energy Calculator
Calculate relativistic kinetic energy: KE = (gamma - 1) * m0 * c^2, which reduces to 0.5mv^2 at low speeds.
Mass-Energy Equivalence Calculator
Calculate the energy equivalent of a mass using Einstein's famous equation: E = m * c^2.
Lorentz Factor Calculator
Compute the Lorentz factor gamma = 1 / sqrt(1 - v^2/c^2), the key quantity in special relativity.
Relativistic Momentum Calculator
Calculate relativistic momentum: p = gamma * m0 * v, the correct momentum at any speed.
Gravitational Time Dilation Calculator
Calculate gravitational time dilation near a massive body: t_far = t_near / sqrt(1 - 2GM/(rc^2)).
Frame Dragging Calculator
Estimate the Lense-Thirring frame-dragging precession rate of a gyroscope in orbit: Omega_LT = 2GJ / (c^2 * r^3), where J is the angular momentum of the central body.
Geodetic Precession Calculator
Calculate the de Sitter geodetic precession of a gyroscope in orbit: Omega_geo = 3 G M v / (2 c^2 r), caused by the curvature of spacetime.
Reynolds Number (Advanced) Calculator
Calculate the Reynolds number for flow through a pipe or over a surface: Re = rho * v * L / mu, with laminar/turbulent classification.
Bernoulli Pressure Calculator
Apply Bernoulli's equation to find pressure at a second point: P2 = P1 + 0.5*rho*(v1^2 - v2^2) + rho*g*(h1 - h2).
Viscous Flow Rate Calculator
Calculate the volumetric flow rate through a pipe using the Hagen-Poiseuille equation: Q = pi * R^4 * dP / (8 * mu * L).
Drag Coefficient Calculator
Calculate the drag force on an object: F_d = 0.5 * Cd * rho * A * v^2, or solve for Cd from measured drag.
Terminal Velocity (Advanced) Calculator
Calculate the terminal velocity of a falling object: v_t = sqrt(2 m g / (rho Cd A)), where drag equals weight.
Venturi Meter Calculator
Calculate flow velocity in a Venturi meter from the pressure difference: v1 = sqrt(2 * dP / (rho * ((A1/A2)^2 - 1))).
Pitot Tube Velocity Calculator
Calculate the flow velocity from a pitot tube reading: v = sqrt(2 * (P_total - P_static) / rho).
Hydraulic Jump Calculator
Calculate the downstream depth after a hydraulic jump: y2 = (y1/2) * (sqrt(1 + 8*Fr1^2) - 1), where Fr1 is the upstream Froude number.
Froude Number Calculator
Calculate the Froude number for open-channel flow: Fr = v / sqrt(g * d), the ratio of flow velocity to gravitational wave speed.
Stokes Settling Calculator
Calculate the settling velocity of a small sphere in a viscous fluid: v_s = 2 * (rho_p - rho_f) * g * r^2 / (9 * mu).
Sound Intensity Level Calculator
Calculate the sound intensity level in decibels: L = 10 * log10(I / I0), where I0 = 1e-12 W/m2 is the threshold of hearing.
Acoustic Impedance Calculator
Calculate the characteristic acoustic impedance of a medium: Z = rho * c, where rho is density and c is the speed of sound.
Doppler Frequency Calculator
Calculate the observed frequency due to the Doppler effect: f_obs = f_source * (c + v_observer) / (c + v_source), with sign convention for approach/recession.
Reverberation Time Calculator
Calculate the reverberation time of a room using the Sabine equation: RT60 = 0.161 * V / A, where V is volume and A is total absorption.
Sound Absorption Calculator
Calculate the total sound absorption in a room: A = sum of (surface_area * absorption_coefficient) for all surfaces.
Acoustic Power Calculator
Calculate the sound power level in decibels: Lw = 10 * log10(W / W0), where W0 = 1e-12 W is the reference power.
Noise Reduction Calculator
Calculate the noise reduction between two rooms: NR = TL + 10 * log10(A_receiver / S_wall), where TL is the transmission loss of the partition.
Sound Transmission Loss Calculator
Estimate the sound transmission loss of a single-leaf wall using the mass law: TL = 20 * log10(f * m) - 47.3 dB.
Octave Band Frequency Calculator
Calculate the upper and lower band edges of an octave or fractional-octave band from the centre frequency: f_upper = f_centre * 2^(1/(2N)), f_lower = f_centre / 2^(1/(2N)).
Acoustic Resonance Calculator
Calculate the resonant frequencies of a rectangular room: f = (c/2) * sqrt((nx/Lx)^2 + (ny/Ly)^2 + (nz/Lz)^2).