Calculateur du Spectre de l'Hydrogène Gratuit

Calculez les longueurs d'onde des raies spectrales de l'hydrogène. Trouvez les séries de Lyman, Balmer et Paschen.

Longueur d'onde

0.000000656096 m

Wavelength (nm)656.0962 nm
Photon Energy1.888889 eV

Wavelength vs Lower Level (n1)

Formule

Hydrogen Spectral Lines (Rydberg Formula)

When an electron transitions between energy levels in hydrogen, it emits or absorbs a photon with a specific wavelength.

Formula

1/lambda = R_H * (1/n1^2 - 1/n2^2)

  • *R_H* = 1.0974 x 10^7 m^-1 (Rydberg constant)
  • *n1* = lower energy level
  • *n2* = upper energy level (n2 > n1)
  • Series: Lyman (n1=1, UV), Balmer (n1=2, visible), Paschen (n1=3, IR).

    Exemple Résolu

    H-alpha line: n1 = 2 to n2 = 3 (Balmer series).

    1. 011/lambda = R * (1/4 - 1/9)
    2. 021/4 - 1/9 = 5/36 = 0.1389
    3. 031/lambda = 1.0974e7 * 0.1389 = 1.524e6 m^-1
    4. 04lambda = 6.563e-7 m = 656.3 nm (red)

    Questions Fréquentes

    Why does hydrogen produce discrete spectral lines?

    Because electron energy levels are quantised. Only specific energy differences are allowed, producing photons at discrete wavelengths.

    What is the Balmer series?

    Transitions ending at n = 2. These fall in the visible spectrum: H-alpha (656 nm, red), H-beta (486 nm, blue-green), H-gamma (434 nm, violet).

    Does this formula work for other elements?

    For hydrogen-like ions (one electron), multiply R_H by Z^2. For multi-electron atoms, the Rydberg formula does not apply directly.

    Apprendre

    Understanding Newton's Laws of Motion

    Calculatrices Associées