PWM वोल्टेज कैलकुलेटर — सूत्र
## DAC Resolution and Output
A DAC converts a digital code to a proportional analog voltage. The resolution determines the smallest voltage step.
### Formulas
**Step Size = V_ref / 2^N**
**V_out = Digital Code x Step Size**
**Max Output = (2^N - 1) x Step Size**
The output is always one step size less than V_ref because the code range is 0 to 2^N - 1.
A DAC converts a digital code to a proportional analog voltage. The resolution determines the smallest voltage step.
### Formulas
**Step Size = V_ref / 2^N**
**V_out = Digital Code x Step Size**
**Max Output = (2^N - 1) x Step Size**
The output is always one step size less than V_ref because the code range is 0 to 2^N - 1.
हल किया गया उदाहरण
10-bit DAC with 5.0 V reference, digital code 512.
- Step size: 5.0 / 1024 = 4.883 mV
- Output: 512 x 0.004883 = 2.5000 V
- Max output: 1023 x 0.004883 = 4.9951 V
- Total levels: 1024