Calcolatore Spettro dell'Idrogeno

Calcola le lunghezze d'onda delle righe spettrali dell'idrogeno. Serie di Balmer e Lyman.

Lunghezza d'Onda

0.000000656096 m

Wavelength (nm)656.0962 nm
Photon Energy1.888889 eV

Wavelength vs Lower Level (n1)

Formula

Hydrogen Spectral Lines (Rydberg Formula)

When an electron transitions between energy levels in hydrogen, it emits or absorbs a photon with a specific wavelength.

Formula

1/lambda = R_H * (1/n1^2 - 1/n2^2)

  • *R_H* = 1.0974 x 10^7 m^-1 (Rydberg constant)
  • *n1* = lower energy level
  • *n2* = upper energy level (n2 > n1)
  • Series: Lyman (n1=1, UV), Balmer (n1=2, visible), Paschen (n1=3, IR).

    Esempio Risolto

    H-alpha line: n1 = 2 to n2 = 3 (Balmer series).

    1. 011/lambda = R * (1/4 - 1/9)
    2. 021/4 - 1/9 = 5/36 = 0.1389
    3. 031/lambda = 1.0974e7 * 0.1389 = 1.524e6 m^-1
    4. 04lambda = 6.563e-7 m = 656.3 nm (red)

    Domande Frequenti

    Why does hydrogen produce discrete spectral lines?

    Because electron energy levels are quantised. Only specific energy differences are allowed, producing photons at discrete wavelengths.

    What is the Balmer series?

    Transitions ending at n = 2. These fall in the visible spectrum: H-alpha (656 nm, red), H-beta (486 nm, blue-green), H-gamma (434 nm, violet).

    Does this formula work for other elements?

    For hydrogen-like ions (one electron), multiply R_H by Z^2. For multi-electron atoms, the Rydberg formula does not apply directly.

    Impara

    Understanding Newton's Laws of Motion

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