Calcolatore Pattern Isotopico
Calcola il pattern isotopico di un composto per l'interpretazione degli spettri di massa.
Retention Factor (k')
3.250
Retention Factor (k') vs Retention Time (tR)
Formula
## Retention Factor (Capacity Factor) The retention factor k' describes how strongly a compound is retained by the stationary phase relative to the mobile phase. ### Formula **k' = (tR - t0) / t0** where tR is the retention time of the analyte and t0 is the void (dead) time. Ideal k' values are 2-10. Below 1, peaks elute near the void and separation is poor. Above 20, peaks are broad and run time is long.
Esempio Risolto
A peak at tR = 8.5 min with void time t0 = 2.0 min.
- 01k' = (8.5 - 2.0) / 2.0 = 6.5 / 2.0 = 3.25
- 02The compound spends 3.25 times more time in the stationary phase than the mobile phase.
Domande Frequenti
What is an ideal retention factor?
For most HPLC separations, k' between 2 and 10 gives the best balance of resolution and analysis time. For GC, k' of 5-20 is common.
How is void time measured?
Inject an unretained compound (e.g., uracil for reversed-phase HPLC, or methane for GC). Its retention time is the void time t0.
How does k' relate to resolution?
Resolution increases with k' but with diminishing returns. The factor k'/(1+k') in the resolution equation approaches 1 for large k'. Beyond k' = 10, increasing retention helps little but wastes time.
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