तन्य प्रतिबल कैलकुलेटर — सूत्र
## Direct Tensile Stress
When a member is pulled axially, the internal stress is uniformly distributed across the cross-section.
### Formula
**sigma = F / A**
where F is the applied tensile force and A is the cross-sectional area perpendicular to the force. For members with bolt holes, use the net area (gross area minus hole areas).
When a member is pulled axially, the internal stress is uniformly distributed across the cross-section.
### Formula
**sigma = F / A**
where F is the applied tensile force and A is the cross-sectional area perpendicular to the force. For members with bolt holes, use the net area (gross area minus hole areas).
हल किया गया उदाहरण
A steel flat bar with 500 mm^2 area subjected to 100 kN tension.
- Convert force: 100 kN = 100,000 N
- sigma = 100,000 / 500 = 200 MPa
- This is below the 250 MPa yield strength of mild steel, so the bar is adequate.