साम्य स्थिरांक कैलकुलेटर — सूत्र
## Bond Energy Estimation of ΔH
### Formula
**ΔH ≈ Σ(bonds broken) − Σ(bonds formed)**
Where:
- **Bonds broken** = energy required to break all bonds in reactants (positive, endothermic)
- **Bonds formed** = energy released forming all bonds in products (positive values)
Breaking bonds requires energy; forming bonds releases energy. If more energy is released than absorbed, ΔH is negative (exothermic).
### Formula
**ΔH ≈ Σ(bonds broken) − Σ(bonds formed)**
Where:
- **Bonds broken** = energy required to break all bonds in reactants (positive, endothermic)
- **Bonds formed** = energy released forming all bonds in products (positive values)
Breaking bonds requires energy; forming bonds releases energy. If more energy is released than absorbed, ΔH is negative (exothermic).
हल किया गया उदाहरण
Combustion of CH₄: bonds broken = 4(C-H) + 2(O=O) = 4(413) + 2(498) = 2648 kJ; bonds formed = 2(C=O) + 4(O-H) = 2(805) + 4(464) = 3466 kJ.
- ΔH = Σ(bonds broken) - Σ(bonds formed)
- ΔH = 2648 - 3466
- ΔH = -818 kJ/mol (exothermic)