Cycling Cadence Calculator Formula

Understand the math behind the cycling cadence calculator. Each variable explained with a worked example.

Formulas Used

Cadence

cadence_rpm = round(speed_mpm / development_m)

Gear Ratio

gear_ratio = round(chainring / cog * 100) / 100

Development

development = round(development_m * 100) / 100

Speed

speed_kph = round(speed_mph * 1.60934 * 100) / 100

Variables

VariableDescriptionDefault
speed_mphSpeed(mph)18
chainringChainring Teeth(teeth)50
cogRear Cog Teeth(teeth)17
wheel_circ_mWheel Circumference(m)2.1
speed_mpmDerived value= speed_mph * 1609.34 / 60calculated
development_mDerived value= (chainring / cog) * wheel_circ_mcalculated

How It Works

How Cycling Cadence Is Calculated

Formula

Cadence (RPM) = Speed (m/min) / Development (m/rev)

Where Development = Gear Ratio x Wheel Circumference

Optimal Cadence

Most cyclists are most efficient between 80-100 RPM. Professional road cyclists typically ride at 85-95 RPM.

Worked Example

Riding at 18 mph with 50/17 gearing and 2.1 m wheel circumference.

speed_mph = 18chainring = 50cog = 17wheel_circ_m = 2.1
  1. 01Speed in m/min = 18 * 1609.34 / 60 = 482.8 m/min
  2. 02Gear ratio = 50 / 17 = 2.94
  3. 03Development = 2.94 * 2.1 = 6.18 m/rev
  4. 04Cadence = 482.8 / 6.18 = 78 RPM

Frequently Asked Questions

What cadence should I aim for?

Most riders are efficient at 80-95 RPM. Beginners tend to grind at 60-70 RPM but benefit from practicing higher cadence.

Is higher cadence better?

Higher cadence reduces muscle fatigue but increases cardiovascular demand. The optimal balance depends on the individual and the duration of effort.

How do I measure my cadence?

Use a cadence sensor attached to your crank arm, or count pedal strokes for 15 seconds and multiply by 4.

Ready to run the numbers?

Open Cycling Cadence Calculator