RC Time Constant Calculator Formula

Understand the math behind the rc time constant calculator. Each variable explained with a worked example.

Formulas Used

Time Constant (τ)

tau = resistance * capacitance * 1e-6

Time Constant (ms)

tau_ms = resistance * capacitance * 1e-6 * 1000

Full Charge Time (5τ)

time_5tau = 5 * resistance * capacitance * 1e-6

Variables

VariableDescriptionDefault
resistanceResistance(Ω)10000
capacitanceCapacitance(μF)100

How It Works

RC Time Constant

The time constant characterizes how quickly a capacitor charges or discharges through a resistor.

Formula

τ = R * C

After one time constant, the capacitor reaches about 63.2% of its final value. After 5τ, it is over 99% charged.

Worked Example

A 10 kΩ resistor with a 100 μF capacitor.

resistance = 10000capacitance = 100
  1. 01τ = R * C
  2. 02τ = 10000 * 100e-6
  3. 03τ = 1.0 s
  4. 045τ = 5.0 s (99.3% charged)

Ready to run the numbers?

Open RC Time Constant Calculator