Calculadora de Schedule de Tubulação
Determine o schedule adequado de tubulação com base na pressão e temperatura.
Vazão Mássica
15.708 kg/s
Mass Flow Rate vs Fluid Density (rho)
Formula
Mass Flow Rate
Mass flow rate is the mass of fluid passing through a cross-section per unit time. It is a fundamental quantity in fluid mechanics, thermodynamics, and process engineering.
Formula
m_dot = rho × V × A
where rho is the fluid density, V is the average velocity, and A is the cross-sectional area. For a circular pipe, A = pi × D² / 4. Mass flow is conserved through a system (continuity equation).
Exemplo Resolvido
Water (1000 kg/m³) flowing at 2 m/s through a 100 mm pipe.
- 01D = 100 mm = 0.1 m
- 02A = pi × 0.1² / 4 = 0.007854 m²
- 03m_dot = 1000 × 2 × 0.007854 = 15.708 kg/s
- 04Volume flow = 2 × 0.007854 × 1000 = 15.708 L/s
Perguntas Frequentes
Why use mass flow instead of volumetric flow?
Mass flow is independent of temperature and pressure changes. Volumetric flow varies with density (especially for gases). For energy and mass balance calculations, mass flow rate is preferred.
What is a typical pipe velocity for water?
For water in process piping: 1-3 m/s for pump suction, 2-4 m/s for pump discharge, 0.5-1 m/s for gravity flow. Too high a velocity causes erosion and excessive pressure drop.
How does the continuity equation work?
At steady state, mass flow in = mass flow out for any control volume. If a pipe changes diameter, rho1 × V1 × A1 = rho2 × V2 × A2. For incompressible flow, V1 × A1 = V2 × A2.
Aprender