Water Heater Cost Calculator Formula

Understand the math behind the water heater cost calculator. Each variable explained with a worked example.

Formulas Used

Monthly Cost

monthly_cost = daily_therms * 30.44 * energy_cost_per_therm

Annual Cost

annual_cost = daily_therms * 365 * energy_cost_per_therm

Daily Energy Used

daily_therms_display = daily_therms

Variables

VariableDescriptionDefault
gallons_per_dayHot Water Usage(gallons/day)50
temp_rise_fTemperature Rise(°F)60
efficiencyHeater Efficiency(%)92
energy_cost_per_thermEnergy Cost (gas)(USD/therm)1.2
daily_btuDerived value= gallons_per_day * 8.33 * temp_rise_fcalculated
daily_thermsDerived value= daily_btu / 100000 / (efficiency / 100)calculated

How It Works

Water Heater Operating Cost

Water heating is the second largest energy expense in most homes, accounting for 14-18% of utility bills.

Formula

Daily BTU = Gallons/Day x 8.33 (lbs/gal) x Temp Rise (°F)

Daily Therms = Daily BTU / 100,000 / Efficiency

Monthly Cost = Daily Therms x 30.44 x Cost per Therm

8.33 is the weight of one gallon of water in pounds. One BTU raises one pound of water by 1°F.

Worked Example

50 gallons/day, 60°F temperature rise, 92% efficient gas heater at $1.20/therm.

gallons_per_day = 50temp_rise_f = 60efficiency = 92energy_cost_per_therm = 1.2
  1. 01Daily BTU = 50 x 8.33 x 60 = 24,990 BTU
  2. 02Daily therms = 24,990 / 100,000 / 0.92 = 0.272 therms
  3. 03Monthly cost = 0.272 x 30.44 x $1.20 = $9.93
  4. 04Annual cost = 0.272 x 365 x $1.20 = $119.07

Ready to run the numbers?

Open Water Heater Cost Calculator