Skin Effect Calculator Formula

Understand the math behind the skin effect calculator. Each variable explained with a worked example.

Formulas Used

Skin Depth

skin_depth_mm = sqrt(rho_ohm_m / (pi * freq_hz * rel_permeability * 4 * pi * 1e-7)) * 1000

Variables

VariableDescriptionDefault
frequency_mhzFrequency(MHz)1
resistivity_uohm_cmResistivity(uΩ-cm)1.72
rel_permeabilityRelative Permeability1
freq_hzDerived value= frequency_mhz * 1000000calculated
rho_ohm_mDerived value= resistivity_uohm_cm * 1e-8calculated

How It Works

Skin Effect

delta = sqrt(rho / (pi x f x mu))

At high frequencies, current concentrates near the conductor surface. The skin depth is the depth at which current density falls to 1/e (37%) of the surface value.

Copper at 1 MHz: skin depth is about 0.066 mm.

Worked Example

Copper at 1 MHz.

frequency_mhz = 1resistivity_uohm_cm = 1.72rel_permeability = 1
  1. 01rho = 1.72e-8 ohm-m
  2. 02mu = 4pi x 1e-7 H/m
  3. 03delta = sqrt(1.72e-8 / (pi x 1e6 x 4pi x 1e-7))
  4. 04delta = 0.066 mm

Ready to run the numbers?

Open Skin Effect Calculator