Free Sum of Squares Calculator

Calculate the total sum of squared deviations from the mean, a building block for variance and regression.

Sum of Squares (SS)

20.0000

Mean6.0000
Population Variance (SS/n)5.0000

Sum of Squares (SS) vs Value 1

How to Calculate the Sum of Squares

Formula

SS = Sum of (xi - mean)^2

For each value, subtract the mean, square the result, and add them up. The sum of squares quantifies total variability in the data and is the numerator in variance calculations.

  • Population Variance = SS / n
  • Sample Variance = SS / (n - 1)
  • Example Calculation

    Find the sum of squares for 3, 5, 7, 9.

    1. 01Mean = (3 + 5 + 7 + 9) / 4 = 24 / 4 = 6
    2. 02Deviations: 3-6=-3, 5-6=-1, 7-6=1, 9-6=3
    3. 03Squared deviations: 9, 1, 1, 9
    4. 04SS = 9 + 1 + 1 + 9 = 20

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