Half-Life Calculator Formula

Understand the math behind the half-life calculator. Each variable explained with a worked example.

Formulas Used

Half-Life

half_life = -time_elapsed * log(2) / log(remaining_amount / initial_amount)

Decay Constant

decay_constant = -log(remaining_amount / initial_amount) / time_elapsed

Variables

VariableDescriptionDefault
initial_amountInitial Amount100
remaining_amountRemaining Amount25
time_elapsedTime Elapsed(years)11460

How It Works

Half-Life Determination

The half-life can be computed from measured decay data.

Formula

t_half = -t * ln(2) / ln(N/N_0)

The decay constant is lambda = ln(2) / t_half. This connects the exponential decay rate to the half-life.

Worked Example

A sample starts at 100 units and has 25 remaining after 11,460 years.

initial_amount = 100remaining_amount = 25time_elapsed = 11460
  1. 01t_half = -t * ln(2) / ln(N/N0)
  2. 02t_half = -11460 * 0.6931 / ln(25/100)
  3. 03t_half = -11460 * 0.6931 / (-1.3863)
  4. 04t_half = 7940 / 1.3863
  5. 05t_half = 5730 years (Carbon-14)

Ready to run the numbers?

Open Half-Life Calculator