Projectile Range Calculator Formula

Understand the math behind the projectile range calculator. Each variable explained with a worked example.

Formulas Used

Horizontal Range

range = pow(velocity, 2) * sin(2 * angle_rad) / gravity

Variables

VariableDescriptionDefault
velocityLaunch Velocity(m/s)30
angleLaunch Angle(degrees)45
gravityGravitational Acceleration(m/s²)9.81
angle_radDerived value= angle * pi / 180calculated

How It Works

Projectile Range

For a projectile launched from and landing at the same elevation:

Formula

R = v² * sin(2*theta) / g

Maximum range occurs at a 45-degree launch angle. The range is symmetric about 45 degrees (e.g., 30 and 60 degrees give the same range).

Worked Example

A ball is launched at 30 m/s at 45 degrees.

velocity = 30angle = 45gravity = 9.81
  1. 01R = v² * sin(2 * theta) / g
  2. 02R = 900 * sin(90°) / 9.81
  3. 03R = 900 * 1 / 9.81
  4. 04R = 91.74 m

Ready to run the numbers?

Open Projectile Range Calculator