Heisenberg Uncertainty Calculator Formula

Understand the math behind the heisenberg uncertainty calculator. Each variable explained with a worked example.

Formulas Used

Minimum Position Uncertainty (dx)

delta_x = 1.0546e-34 / (2 * delta_p)

Position Uncertainty (nm)

delta_x_nm = 1.0546e-34 / (2 * delta_p) * 1e9

Variables

VariableDescriptionDefault
delta_pMomentum Uncertainty (dp)(kg m/s)1e-25

How It Works

Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle

The uncertainty principle states a fundamental limit on the precision with which position and momentum can be known simultaneously.

Formula

dx * dp >= hbar / 2

where hbar = h / (2 pi) = 1.0546 x 10^-34 J s.

Given dp, the minimum dx is hbar / (2 dp). This is not a measurement limitation but a fundamental property of nature.

Worked Example

An electron with dp = 1e-25 kg m/s.

delta_p = 1e-25
  1. 01dx_min = hbar / (2 dp)
  2. 02dx_min = 1.0546e-34 / (2 * 1e-25)
  3. 03dx_min = 1.0546e-34 / 2e-25
  4. 04dx_min = 5.273e-10 m = 0.527 nm