Centripetal Force Calculator Formula

Understand the math behind the centripetal force calculator. Each variable explained with a worked example.

Formulas Used

Centripetal Force

centripetal_force = mass * pow(velocity, 2) / radius

Variables

VariableDescriptionDefault
massMass(kg)2
velocityTangential Velocity(m/s)5
radiusRadius(m)3

How It Works

Centripetal Force

An object in circular motion requires a net inward force directed toward the center of the circle.

Formula

F_c = m * v² / r

This force does not do work since it is always perpendicular to velocity.

Worked Example

A 2 kg ball on a 3 m string swings at 5 m/s.

mass = 2velocity = 5radius = 3
  1. 01F_c = m * v² / r
  2. 02F_c = 2 * 25 / 3
  3. 03F_c = 50 / 3
  4. 04F_c = 16.667 N

Frequently Asked Questions

Is centripetal force a separate type of force?

No. Centripetal force is the net inward force that keeps an object on a circular path. It can be provided by tension, gravity, friction, or any combination.

What happens if centripetal force is removed?

The object moves in a straight line tangent to the circle at the point of release, following Newton's first law.

How is centripetal force related to centripetal acceleration?

F_c = m * a_c, where a_c = v²/r. The force and acceleration both point toward the center of the circle.

Ready to run the numbers?

Open Centripetal Force Calculator