Riemann Sum Calculator Formula

Understand the math behind the riemann sum calculator. Each variable explained with a worked example.

Formulas Used

Exact Val

exact_val = exp_val != -1 ? (1 / (exp_val + 1)) * (pow(b_val, exp_val + 1) - pow(a_val, exp_val + 1)) : 0

Rect Width

rect_width = dx

Error Est

error_est = abs(b_val - a_val) * abs(pow(b_val, exp_val) - pow(a_val, exp_val)) / (2 * num_rect)

Variables

VariableDescriptionDefault
exp_valExponent of x2
a_valLeft Bound0
b_valRight Bound1
num_rectNumber of Rectangles10
dxDerived value= (b_val - a_val) / num_rectcalculated

How It Works

Riemann Sums

Concept

A Riemann sum approximates the area under a curve by dividing the interval into rectangles:

1. Divide [a, b] into n equal subintervals, each of width Δx = (b-a)/n 2. For each subinterval, evaluate the function at the left endpoint 3. Sum the areas: S = sum of f(xᵢ) × Δx

As n → infinity

The Riemann sum converges to the exact definite integral. More rectangles = better approximation.

Worked Example

Approximate the integral of x² from 0 to 1 with 10 rectangles.

exp_val = 2a_val = 0b_val = 1num_rect = 10
  1. 01Δx = (1-0)/10 = 0.1
  2. 02Left endpoints: 0, 0.1, 0.2, ..., 0.9
  3. 03Sum = (0² + 0.1² + 0.2² + ... + 0.9²) × 0.1
  4. 04Exact value = 1³/3 = 0.333333...

Frequently Asked Questions

What is a Riemann sum?

A Riemann sum is a method for approximating the area under a curve by dividing it into rectangles and summing their areas. It is the foundation for the definite integral.

Do more rectangles give a better answer?

Yes, as the number of rectangles increases, the approximation gets closer to the exact value. In the limit as n → infinity, it equals the integral.

What are left, right, and midpoint sums?

Left sums evaluate at the left endpoint of each subinterval, right sums at the right, and midpoint sums at the center. Midpoint sums are generally the most accurate.

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