Learn Business Math
Business calculators help you calculate markup and margin, determine break-even points, set pricing, and analyze profitability. Explore our guides below to understand the formulas behind these business tools.
Guides
How to Calculate Profit Margin
Learn how to calculate gross, operating, and net profit margins step by step. Understand what healthy margins look like across industries and how to improve yours.
Read guideBreak-Even Analysis Guide
Learn how to perform a break-even analysis for your business. Understand fixed costs, variable costs, contribution margin, and how to find the break-even point.
Read guideUnderstanding SaaS Metrics
A comprehensive guide to SaaS metrics including MRR, ARR, churn rate, LTV, CAC, and the Rule of 40. Learn what to track and how to benchmark your SaaS business.
Read guideHow to Calculate Customer Lifetime Value
Learn how to calculate Customer Lifetime Value (CLV/LTV) using multiple methods. Understand why LTV matters for acquisition budgets, retention strategy, and business growth.
Read guideMarketing ROI Guide
Learn how to calculate and improve marketing ROI. Covers ROAS, cost per acquisition, cost per lead, attribution models, and channel-level performance analysis.
Read guideHow to Calculate Employee Cost
Learn how to calculate the true cost of an employee beyond salary. Covers taxes, benefits, overhead, and hidden costs that affect total compensation and business budgeting.
Read guideUnderstanding Financial Ratios
Learn the most important financial ratios for evaluating business health. Covers liquidity, profitability, efficiency, and leverage ratios with formulas and benchmarks.
Read guideCash Flow Analysis Guide
Learn how to analyze cash flow for your business. Understand operating, investing, and financing cash flows, and why profitable companies can still run out of cash.
Read guideHow to Price Your Product
A complete guide to product pricing strategies. Learn cost-plus, value-based, competitive, and psychological pricing methods to maximize revenue and profit.
Read guideUnderstanding Business Valuation
Learn the key methods for valuing a business including revenue multiples, earnings multiples, DCF analysis, and asset-based approaches. Understand what drives business value.
Read guideHow to Calculate Markup and Margin
Learn the difference between markup and margin, how to calculate each from cost and selling price, and why confusing them is one of the most common pricing mistakes in business.
Read guideHow to Calculate Payroll Taxes
A step-by-step guide to calculating federal payroll taxes including FICA, FUTA, withholding, and employer contributions, with formulas and worked examples.
Read guideHow to Calculate Employee Turnover Rate
Learn how to calculate monthly and annual employee turnover rate, understand voluntary vs. involuntary turnover, and benchmark your numbers against industry averages.
Read guideHow to Calculate Customer Acquisition Cost (CAC)
Learn how to calculate Customer Acquisition Cost (CAC), why it matters for business sustainability, how to segment it by channel, and how to use it alongside LTV.
Read guideHow to Calculate Inventory Turnover
Learn how to calculate inventory turnover ratio and days inventory outstanding, why these metrics matter for cash flow, and how to benchmark them by industry.
Read guideHow to Calculate Cash Flow
Understand the three types of cash flow, how to calculate operating, investing, and financing cash flows, and how to use the indirect method to build a cash flow statement.
Read guideHow to Calculate Depreciation
Learn the four main depreciation methods — straight-line, declining balance, sum-of-years digits, and units of production — with formulas and examples for each.
Read guideHow to Calculate Sales Tax
Learn how to calculate sales tax on purchases and selling prices, how to back out tax from a total, understand origin vs. destination-based sourcing, and handle multi-state nexus.
Read guideHow to Calculate Revenue Growth Rate
Learn how to calculate period-over-period revenue growth rate, compound annual growth rate (CAGR), and how to use these metrics to evaluate business performance.
Read guideHow to Calculate Working Capital
Learn how to calculate working capital, the working capital ratio, and the cash conversion cycle, and understand what these metrics reveal about short-term financial health.
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