Target Heart Rate Calculator Formula

Understand the math behind the target heart rate calculator. Each variable explained with a worked example.

Formulas Used

Target Heart Rate

target_hr = hr_reserve * intensity + resting_hr

Max Heart Rate

max_heart_rate = max_hr

Heart Rate Reserve

heart_rate_reserve = hr_reserve

Variables

VariableDescriptionDefault
ageAge(years)30
resting_hrResting Heart Rate(bpm)65
intensityTarget Intensity0.7
max_hrDerived value= 220 - agecalculated
hr_reserveDerived value= max_hr - resting_hrcalculated

How It Works

Karvonen Formula

Target HR = (Max HR - Resting HR) x Intensity% + Resting HR

The Karvonen formula is more accurate than simple percentage methods because it accounts for your resting heart rate (heart rate reserve).

Max HR = 220 - Age

Worked Example

A 30-year-old with a resting HR of 65 bpm targeting 70% intensity.

age = 30resting_hr = 65intensity = 0.7
  1. 01Max HR = 220 - 30 = 190 bpm
  2. 02HR Reserve = 190 - 65 = 125 bpm
  3. 03Target HR = 125 x 0.70 + 65 = 152.5 bpm

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the Karvonen formula?

The Karvonen formula calculates target heart rate using heart rate reserve (the difference between max and resting HR), giving a more personalized target than simple percentage of max HR.

How do I measure resting heart rate?

Measure your pulse first thing in the morning before getting out of bed. Count beats for 60 seconds, or for 15 seconds and multiply by 4.

Learn More

Guide

Heart Rate Zones Explained: Train Smarter with Zone-Based Exercise

Learn about the five heart rate training zones, how to calculate them, and how to use zone-based training to improve endurance, burn fat, and boost performance.

Ready to run the numbers?

Open Target Heart Rate Calculator