Heart Rate Training Zones Calculator Formula

Understand the math behind the heart rate training zones calculator. Each variable explained with a worked example.

Formulas Used

Zone 1 Recovery (50%)

zone1_low = round(hrr * 0.50 + resting_hr)

Zone 2 Aerobic (60%)

zone2_low = round(hrr * 0.60 + resting_hr)

Zone 3 Tempo (70%)

zone3_low = round(hrr * 0.70 + resting_hr)

Zone 4 Threshold (80%)

zone4_low = round(hrr * 0.80 + resting_hr)

Zone 5 Maximum (90%)

zone5_low = round(hrr * 0.90 + resting_hr)

Max Heart Rate

max_heart_rate = max_hr

Variables

VariableDescriptionDefault
ageAge(years)30
resting_hrResting Heart Rate(bpm)60
max_hrDerived value= 220 - agecalculated
hrrDerived value= max_hr - resting_hrcalculated

How It Works

Heart Rate Zones (Karvonen Method)

Target HR = (Max HR - Resting HR) x Intensity% + Resting HR

Five Training Zones

ZoneIntensityPurpose 150-60%Recovery, warm-up 260-70%Base aerobic fitness 370-80%Tempo, lactate threshold 480-90%Anaerobic capacity 590-100%Maximal effort, sprints

Worked Example

A 30-year-old with a resting HR of 60 bpm.

age = 30resting_hr = 60
  1. 01Max HR = 220 - 30 = 190
  2. 02HRR = 190 - 60 = 130
  3. 03Zone 2 low = 130 x 0.60 + 60 = 138 bpm
  4. 04Zone 4 low = 130 x 0.80 + 60 = 164 bpm

Frequently Asked Questions

Which zone should I train in?

Most of your training (about 80%) should be in Zone 2 for building aerobic base. Harder sessions in Zones 4-5 should make up about 20% of training time.

Why use the Karvonen method?

The Karvonen method accounts for resting heart rate, making zones more personalized than simple percentage-of-max methods.

How do I find my resting heart rate?

Measure your pulse first thing in the morning before getting out of bed. Count beats for 60 seconds on three consecutive days and average the results.

Learn More

Guide

Heart Rate Zones Explained: Train Smarter with Zone-Based Exercise

Learn about the five heart rate training zones, how to calculate them, and how to use zone-based training to improve endurance, burn fat, and boost performance.