Retirement Withdrawal Rate Calculator Formula

Understand the math behind the retirement withdrawal rate calculator. Each variable explained with a worked example.

Formulas Used

Withdrawal Rate

withdrawal_pct = withdrawal_rate

Portfolio Lasts

years_lasting = annual_return > 0 ? (withdrawal_rate > annual_return ? log(1 / (1 - portfolio_value * (annual_return/100) / annual_withdrawal)) / log(1 + annual_return/100) : 100) : portfolio_value / annual_withdrawal

Monthly Income

monthly_income = annual_withdrawal / 12

Variables

VariableDescriptionDefault
portfolio_valuePortfolio Value(USD)1000000
annual_withdrawalAnnual Withdrawal(USD)40000
annual_returnExpected Return(%)5
withdrawal_rateDerived value= annual_withdrawal / portfolio_value * 100calculated
monthly_returnDerived value= annual_return / 12 / 100calculated
monthly_withdrawalDerived value= annual_withdrawal / 12calculated

How It Works

Withdrawal Rate Analysis

Withdrawal Rate = Annual Withdrawal / Portfolio Value

Safe Withdrawal Rates

RateRisk Level 3%Very conservative 4%Traditional safe rate 5%Moderate risk 6%+Higher depletion risk

The famous 4% rule is based on research showing a 4% initial withdrawal (adjusted for inflation) has historically survived 30-year periods.

Worked Example

$1,000,000 portfolio, $40,000/year withdrawal, 5% return.

portfolio_value = 1000000annual_withdrawal = 40000annual_return = 5
  1. 01Withdrawal rate = $40,000 / $1,000,000 = 4.00%
  2. 02At 5% return and 4% withdrawal, portfolio theoretically lasts indefinitely
  3. 03Monthly income = $40,000 / 12 = $3,333

Frequently Asked Questions

What is a safe withdrawal rate?

The 4% rule is the most cited guideline. Recent research suggests 3.5-4.5% depending on market conditions, asset allocation, and retirement length.

Does the 4% rule still work?

The 4% rule was developed based on historical US market data. With current lower expected returns, some experts suggest 3-3.5% for longer retirements.

Should I adjust withdrawals for inflation?

Yes. Most retirement planning assumes you increase withdrawals annually by inflation (2-3%). This maintains your purchasing power over time.