Discount Calculator Formula

Understand the math behind the discount calculator. Each variable explained with a worked example.

Formulas Used

You Save

savings = original_price * discount_percent / 100

Sale Price

final_price = original_price - savings

Variables

VariableDescriptionDefault
original_priceOriginal Price(USD)120
discount_percentDiscount(%)25

How It Works

How Discounts Are Calculated

Savings = Original Price × Discount% / 100

Sale Price = Original Price - Savings

Use this calculator anytime you see a percentage-off sale and want to know the exact dollar amount you will save and the final price you will pay at checkout. Keep in mind that discounts are applied before sales tax in most jurisdictions, so the tax is calculated on the reduced price, not the original.

Worked Example

A $120 item at 25% off.

original_price = 120discount_percent = 25
  1. 01Savings = $120 × 25% = $30
  2. 02Sale price = $120 - $30 = $90

Frequently Asked Questions

How do stacked discounts work?

When two discounts are applied sequentially (e.g., 20% off then 10% off), they are not additive. Apply the first discount, then apply the second to the reduced price.

How do I calculate the discount if I only know the original and sale price?

Subtract the sale price from the original price to get the savings amount, then divide by the original price and multiply by 100. For example, if an item dropped from $80 to $60, the discount is ($80 - $60) / $80 x 100 = 25%.

What is the difference between a discount and a markup?

A discount reduces the selling price for the buyer, while a markup increases the cost price to set a selling price for the seller. They are calculated from different bases: discounts from the retail price, markups from the wholesale cost.

Learn More

Guide

How to Calculate Percentages

Learn how to calculate percentages step by step, including finding a percentage of a number, percentage increase or decrease, and converting between fractions and percentages. Master percentage calculations for everyday use in finance, school, and shopping.

Ready to run the numbers?

Open Discount Calculator