Car Affordability Calculator Formula

Understand the math behind the car affordability calculator. Each variable explained with a worked example.

Formulas Used

Max Loan Amount

max_loan = monthly_rate > 0 ? monthly_budget * (1 - pow(1 + monthly_rate, -loan_term_months)) / monthly_rate : monthly_budget * loan_term_months

Max Car Price

max_car_price = max_loan + down_payment

Total Cost (payments + down)

total_cost = monthly_budget * loan_term_months + down_payment

Variables

VariableDescriptionDefault
monthly_budgetMonthly Budget for Car Payment(USD)500
annual_rateInterest Rate(%)6.5
loan_term_monthsLoan Term(months)60
down_paymentDown Payment(USD)3000
monthly_rateDerived value= annual_rate / 12 / 100calculated

How It Works

Car Affordability Formula

Max Loan = Payment × [1 - (1+r)^-n] / r

Max Car Price = Max Loan + Down Payment

A common rule is to keep your car payment under 10-15% of your monthly take-home pay.

Worked Example

$500/month budget, 6.5% rate, 60 months, $3,000 down.

monthly_budget = 500annual_rate = 6.5loan_term_months = 60down_payment = 3000
  1. 01Monthly rate = 6.5% / 12 = 0.5417%
  2. 02Max loan = $500 × (1 - 1.005417^-60) / 0.005417 = $25,557
  3. 03Max car price = $25,557 + $3,000 = $28,557

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the 20/4/10 rule for car buying?

Put 20% down, finance for no more than 4 years, and keep total transportation costs under 10% of gross income.

Learn More

Guide

How to Calculate Car Loan Payments

Learn how to calculate car loan payments, understand total loan cost, compare financing options, and avoid common auto financing mistakes that cost you thousands.

Ready to run the numbers?

Open Car Affordability Calculator