Particulate Concentration Calculator Formula

Understand the math behind the particulate concentration calculator. Each variable explained with a worked example.

Formulas Used

Estimated AQI

aqi_estimate = round(pm25_ugm3 * 500 / 500.4)

AQI (linear approx 0-50 range)

aqi_linear_low = round(pm25_ugm3 * 50 / 12)

Concentration in mg/m³

mg_m3 = pm25_ugm3 / 1000

Variables

VariableDescriptionDefault
pm25_ugm3PM2.5 Concentration(ug/m³)35

How It Works

Particulate Matter and Air Quality

PM2.5 refers to fine particles smaller than 2.5 micrometers. These penetrate deep into the lungs and are the most health-relevant air pollutant.

AQI Estimation

AQI = PM2.5 (ug/m³) x 500 / 500.4

This is a simplified linear approximation. The actual EPA AQI uses piecewise breakpoints. Generally, 0-12 ug/m³ is Good (AQI 0-50), 12-35.4 is Moderate (51-100), and above 55.4 is Unhealthy (151-200).

Worked Example

The local air quality monitor reads 35 ug/m³ PM2.5.

pm25_ugm3 = 35
  1. 01Simplified AQI = 35 x 500 / 500.4 = 35 (approximately)
  2. 02Linear low-range AQI = 35 x 50 / 12 = 146
  3. 03In mg/m³ = 35 / 1000 = 0.035 mg/m³
  4. 04This falls in the Unhealthy for Sensitive Groups range