Venturi Meter Calculator Formula

Understand the math behind the venturi meter calculator. Each variable explained with a worked example.

Formulas Used

Volumetric Flow Rate

flow_rate = cd * a2 * sqrt(2 * dp_pa / (density * (1 - pow(beta, 4)))) * 1000

Beta Ratio (D2/D1)

beta_ratio = beta

Variables

VariableDescriptionDefault
cdDischarge Coefficient (Cd)0.98
pipe_diaUpstream Pipe Diameter (D1)(mm)100
throat_diaThroat Diameter (D2)(mm)50
delta_pDifferential Pressure(kPa)15
densityFluid Density(kg/m^3)1000
a2Derived value= pi * pow(throat_dia / 1000, 2) / 4calculated
betaDerived value= throat_dia / pipe_diacalculated
dp_paDerived value= delta_p * 1000calculated

How It Works

Venturi Meter Flow Measurement

A Venturi meter uses a converging-diverging section to measure flow with minimal permanent pressure loss.

Formula

Q = Cd A2 sqrt(2 delta_P / (rho (1 - beta^4)))

where A2 is the throat area, beta = D2/D1 is the diameter ratio, and the (1 - beta^4) term accounts for the velocity change between upstream and throat. Cd for Venturi meters is typically 0.95-0.99.

Worked Example

A Venturi with 100 mm upstream and 50 mm throat, 15 kPa differential, water.

cd = 0.98pipe_dia = 100throat_dia = 50delta_p = 15density = 1000
  1. 01beta = 50/100 = 0.5, beta^4 = 0.0625
  2. 02A2 = pi x 0.05^2 / 4 = 0.001963 m^2
  3. 03sqrt(2 x 15000 / (1000 x (1 - 0.0625))) = sqrt(30000/937.5) = sqrt(32) = 5.657 m/s
  4. 04Q = 0.98 x 0.001963 x 5.657 = 0.01088 m^3/s = 10.88 L/s

Ready to run the numbers?

Open Venturi Meter Calculator