Free Thermal Expansion Strain Calculator

Calculate the thermal strain and length change in a material due to a temperature difference.

×10⁻⁶/°C
°C
mm

Thermal Strain (epsilon)

0.001200

Length Change (delta L)1.2000 mm
Thermal Stress if Fully Constrained (E=200 GPa)240.00 MPa

Thermal Strain (epsilon) vs Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (alpha)

Thermal Expansion and Strain

Materials expand or contract when their temperature changes. The thermal strain is proportional to the temperature change and the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE).

Formula

epsilon_thermal = alpha × delta_T

delta_L = alpha × delta_T × L

where alpha is the CTE, delta_T is the temperature change, and L is the original length. If the component is constrained from expanding, a thermal stress develops: sigma = E × alpha × delta_T.

Example Calculation

A 1000 mm steel bar (alpha = 12 × 10⁻⁶/°C) heated by 100°C.

  1. 01epsilon = 12 × 10⁻⁶ × 100 = 0.0012 (0.12%)
  2. 02delta_L = 0.0012 × 1000 = 1.2 mm
  3. 03If constrained: sigma = 200000 × 0.0012 = 240 MPa

Frequently Asked Questions

Learn More

Beam Stress Calculation Guide: From Theory to Practice

Learn how to calculate beam stress step by step. Covers bending stress, shear stress, the flexure formula, stress distributions, and practical design checks for structural beams.

Related Calculators