Poisson Ratio Calculator Formula

Understand the math behind the poisson ratio calculator. Each variable explained with a worked example.

Formulas Used

Poisson's Ratio (nu)

poisson = lateral_strain / axial_strain

Variables

VariableDescriptionDefault
lateral_strainLateral Strain (epsilon_lateral)0.0003
axial_strainAxial Strain (epsilon_axial)0.001

How It Works

Poisson's Ratio

When a material is stretched in one direction, it contracts in the perpendicular directions. Poisson's ratio quantifies this coupling between axial and lateral strains.

Formula

nu = -epsilon_lateral / epsilon_axial

By convention, the negative sign makes nu positive for normal materials (since lateral strain is opposite in sign to axial strain). For this calculator, enter both strains as positive magnitudes. Most metals have nu between 0.25 and 0.35. Rubber approaches 0.5 (nearly incompressible).

Worked Example

A steel bar shows 0.001 axial strain and 0.0003 lateral contraction strain.

lateral_strain = 0.0003axial_strain = 0.001
  1. 01nu = 0.0003 / 0.001 = 0.3
  2. 02This is typical for steel (nu ≈ 0.28-0.33)

Ready to run the numbers?

Open Poisson Ratio Calculator