Moment of Area Calculator Formula

Understand the math behind the moment of area calculator. Each variable explained with a worked example.

Formulas Used

Ixx (about horizontal axis)

ixx = width_b * pow(height_h, 3) / 12

Iyy (about vertical axis)

iyy = height_h * pow(width_b, 3) / 12

Ixx in cm^4

ixx_cm4 = width_b * pow(height_h, 3) / 12 / 1e4

Variables

VariableDescriptionDefault
width_bWidth (b)(mm)100
height_hHeight (h)(mm)200

How It Works

Second Moment of Area for a Rectangle

The second moment of area (often called moment of inertia of the cross-section) governs how a beam resists bending.

Formula

Ixx = b h^3 / 12

Iyy = h b^3 / 12

where b is the width and h is the height of the rectangle. The axis with the larger I value provides greater bending resistance. That is why beams are oriented with the taller dimension vertical.

Worked Example

A rectangular timber section 100 mm wide and 200 mm tall.

width_b = 100height_h = 200
  1. 01Ixx = 100 x 200^3 / 12 = 100 x 8,000,000 / 12 = 66,666,667 mm^4
  2. 02Iyy = 200 x 100^3 / 12 = 200 x 1,000,000 / 12 = 16,666,667 mm^4
  3. 03Ixx in cm^4 = 66,666,667 / 10,000 = 6,666.67 cm^4

Ready to run the numbers?

Open Moment of Area Calculator