Heat Exchanger Duty Calculator Formula

Understand the math behind the heat exchanger duty calculator. Each variable explained with a worked example.

Formulas Used

Heat Duty (Q)

duty_kw = mass_flow * cp * abs(temp_in - temp_out)

Heat Duty

duty_btu = mass_flow * cp * abs(temp_in - temp_out) * 3412.14

Variables

VariableDescriptionDefault
mass_flowMass Flow Rate (m)(kg/s)5
cpSpecific Heat (Cp)(kJ/(kg·K))4.18
temp_inInlet Temperature(°C)80
temp_outOutlet Temperature(°C)40

How It Works

Heat Exchanger Duty

The thermal duty Q is the rate of heat transfer between the hot and cold streams. It is calculated from the energy balance on one side of the exchanger.

Formula

Q = m × Cp × |T_in - T_out|

where m is the mass flow rate, Cp is the specific heat capacity, and the temperature difference is the change experienced by the fluid. At steady state, the duty calculated on the hot side must equal the cold side (energy balance).

Worked Example

Water flowing at 5 kg/s is cooled from 80°C to 40°C.

mass_flow = 5cp = 4.18temp_in = 80temp_out = 40
  1. 01delta_T = |80 - 40| = 40°C
  2. 02Q = 5 × 4.18 × 40 = 836 kW
  3. 03In BTU/h: 836 × 3412.14 = 2,852,549 BTU/h

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