Earthwork Volume Calculator Formula

Understand the math behind the earthwork volume calculator. Each variable explained with a worked example.

Formulas Used

Bank (in-place) Volume

bank_volume = (area1 + area2) / 2 * distance

Loose (truck) Volume

loose_volume = (area1 + area2) / 2 * distance * (1 + swell_factor / 100)

Variables

VariableDescriptionDefault
area1Cross-Section Area 1 (A1)(m^2)25
area2Cross-Section Area 2 (A2)(m^2)35
distanceDistance Between Sections(m)50
swell_factorSwell Factor(%)25

How It Works

Average End Area Method

The average end area method estimates earthwork volume between two surveyed cross-sections.

Formula

V = (A1 + A2) / 2 x L

where A1 and A2 are the cross-sectional areas at each station and L is the distance between them. For excavated material, apply a swell factor (typically 20-40%) because soil expands when dug out. The loose volume is what determines truck loads.

Worked Example

Cross-sections of 25 m^2 and 35 m^2, 50 m apart, 25% swell.

area1 = 25area2 = 35distance = 50swell_factor = 25
  1. 01Bank volume = (25 + 35) / 2 x 50 = 30 x 50 = 1500 m^3
  2. 02Loose volume = 1500 x 1.25 = 1875 m^3
  3. 03Truck loads (10 m^3 per truck) = 1875 / 10 = 188 loads

Ready to run the numbers?

Open Earthwork Volume Calculator