Cutting Speed Calculator Formula

Understand the math behind the cutting speed calculator. Each variable explained with a worked example.

Formulas Used

Required Spindle Speed

spindle_rpm = 1000 * cutting_speed / (pi * diameter)

Variables

VariableDescriptionDefault
cutting_speedCutting Speed (Vc)(m/min)100
diameterWorkpiece Diameter (D)(mm)50

How It Works

Cutting Speed to Spindle RPM

Cutting speed is the velocity at which the tool edge moves relative to the workpiece surface.

Formula

N = 1000 Vc / (pi D)

where Vc is the desired cutting speed in m/min and D is the workpiece (or cutter) diameter in mm. The factor 1000 converts metres to millimetres. Recommended cutting speeds depend on the tool material and workpiece material combination.

Worked Example

Turning a 50 mm diameter steel bar at 100 m/min cutting speed.

cutting_speed = 100diameter = 50
  1. 01N = 1000 x 100 / (pi x 50)
  2. 02N = 100,000 / 157.08 = 637 RPM

Ready to run the numbers?

Open Cutting Speed Calculator