Cable Sizing Calculator Formula

Understand the math behind the cable sizing calculator. Each variable explained with a worked example.

Formulas Used

Minimum Conductor Area

min_area = current / max_current_density

Variables

VariableDescriptionDefault
currentDesign Current (I)(A)40
max_current_densityMax Current Density(A/mm^2)4

How It Works

Cable Sizing by Current Density

The cable must carry the required current without exceeding safe temperature limits.

Simplified Method

A = I / J

where A is the conductor cross-sectional area, I is the design current, and J is the allowable current density. Typical values: enclosed cables 3-4 A/mm^2, open-air cables 5-6 A/mm^2. Always verify against manufacturer ampacity tables and installation derating factors.

Worked Example

40 A load with 4 A/mm^2 allowable current density.

current = 40max_current_density = 4
  1. 01A = 40 / 4 = 10 mm^2
  2. 02Select the next standard size: 10 mm^2 or 16 mm^2 depending on available sizes.
  3. 03Also verify voltage drop is within limits for the cable run length.

Ready to run the numbers?

Open Cable Sizing Calculator