Quantization Noise Calculator

Calculate the theoretical SNR and noise level introduced by analog-to-digital quantization.

V

Ideal SNR

74.00 dB

LSB Voltage (1 step)0.000806 V
LSB Voltage0.806 mV
Quantization Noise RMS0.000233 V
Quantization Levels4,096

Ideal SNR vs ADC Resolution (bits)

Quantization Noise in ADCs

When an analog signal is digitized, the rounding to discrete levels introduces quantization noise uniformly distributed over one LSB.

Formulas

Ideal SNR = 6.02 x N + 1.76 dB (for a full-scale sine wave)

LSB = V_full_scale / 2^N

Quantization Noise RMS = LSB / sqrt(12)

Each additional bit of resolution adds approximately 6 dB of SNR. Real ADCs achieve slightly less due to thermal noise, linearity errors, and timing jitter.

Example Calculation

A 12-bit ADC with 3.3 V full-scale range.

  1. 01Ideal SNR: 6.02 x 12 + 1.76 = 74.0 dB
  2. 02LSB: 3.3 / 4096 = 0.000806 V = 0.806 mV
  3. 03Quantization noise RMS: 0.806 / sqrt(12) = 0.233 mV
  4. 04Quantization levels: 2^12 = 4096

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