Cascaded Noise Figure Calculator

Calculate the overall noise figure of a cascaded receiver chain using the Friis noise formula with up to three stages.

dB
dB
dB
dB
dB

Total Noise Figure

1.62 dB

Equivalent Noise Temperature130.9 K
Total Chain Gain30.0 dB

Total Noise Figure vs Stage 1 Noise Figure

Friis Noise Formula for Cascaded Stages

The overall noise figure of a chain is dominated by the first stage, especially if it has high gain.

Formula

F_total = F_1 + (F_2 - 1)/G_1 + (F_3 - 1)/(G_1 x G_2)

All values in linear (not dB). Convert: F = 10^(NF_dB/10), G = 10^(Gain_dB/10).

NF_total(dB) = 10 x log10(F_total)

This is why low-noise amplifiers (LNAs) are placed at the front of receiver chains.

Example Calculation

Three-stage receiver: LNA (1.5 dB NF, 20 dB gain), mixer (6 dB NF, 10 dB gain), IF amp (10 dB NF).

  1. 01F1 = 10^(1.5/10) = 1.413, G1 = 10^(20/10) = 100
  2. 02F2 = 10^(6/10) = 3.981, G2 = 10^(10/10) = 10
  3. 03F3 = 10^(10/10) = 10
  4. 04F_total = 1.413 + (3.981-1)/100 + (10-1)/(100 x 10) = 1.413 + 0.030 + 0.009 = 1.452
  5. 05NF_total = 10 x log10(1.452) = 1.62 dB

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