Student Loan Interest Calculator Formula

Understand the math behind the student loan interest calculator. Each variable explained with a worked example.

Formulas Used

Total Interest Paid

total_interest = monthly_pmt * n_payments - principal

First Month Interest

first_month_interest = principal * monthly_rate

Interest as % of Principal

interest_pct = ((monthly_pmt * n_payments - principal) / principal) * 100

Variables

VariableDescriptionDefault
principalLoan Balance ($)30000
annual_rateAnnual Interest Rate (%)6
term_yearsLoan Term (years)10
monthly_rateDerived value= annual_rate / 100 / 12calculated
n_paymentsDerived value= term_years * 12calculated
monthly_pmtDerived value= principal * monthly_rate * pow(1 + monthly_rate, n_payments) / (pow(1 + monthly_rate, n_payments) - 1)calculated

How It Works

How Student Loan Interest Works

Interest accrues daily on your outstanding balance.

Total Interest Formula

Total Interest = (Monthly Payment x Number of Payments) - Principal

Daily Interest

Daily Interest = Balance x (Annual Rate / 365)

Early payments are mostly interest; later payments are mostly principal.

Worked Example

A $30,000 loan at 6% interest over 10 years.

principal = 30000annual_rate = 6term_years = 10
  1. 01Monthly rate = 6% / 12 = 0.5%
  2. 02Monthly payment = $333.06
  3. 03Total paid = $333.06 x 120 = $39,967
  4. 04Total interest = $39,967 - $30,000 = $9,967
  5. 05Interest as % of principal = ($9,967 / $30,000) x 100 = 33.2%

Frequently Asked Questions

Is student loan interest tax deductible?

You can deduct up to $2,500 per year in student loan interest on your federal taxes if you meet income requirements.

What is the difference between subsidized and unsubsidized interest?

With subsidized loans, the government pays interest while you are in school. Unsubsidized loans accrue interest from disbursement.

How can I pay less interest?

Make extra payments toward principal, choose a shorter repayment term, refinance at a lower rate, or pay interest while in school.

Ready to run the numbers?

Open Student Loan Interest Calculator