Staircase Riser Calculator Formula

Understand the math behind the staircase riser calculator. Each variable explained with a worked example.

Formulas Used

Number of Risers

risers = round(total_rise / target_riser)

Actual Riser Height

actual_riser_height = total_rise / round(total_rise / target_riser)

Number of Treads

num_treads = round(total_rise / target_riser) - 1

Total Horizontal Run

total_run = (round(total_rise / target_riser) - 1) * tread_depth

Riser + Tread Sum

rule_check = total_rise / round(total_rise / target_riser) + tread_depth

Variables

VariableDescriptionDefault
total_riseTotal Rise (Floor to Floor)(inches)108
target_riserTarget Riser Height(inches)7.5
tread_depthTread Depth(inches)10
num_risersDerived value= round(total_rise / target_riser)calculated

How It Works

How to Calculate Stair Risers

Formula

Number of Risers = round(Total Rise / Target Riser Height)

Actual Riser Height = Total Rise / Number of Risers

Number of Treads = Risers - 1

The International Residential Code limits risers to a maximum of 7-3/4 inches and requires a minimum tread depth of 10 inches. A common comfort rule is that riser + tread should equal 17 to 18 inches.

Worked Example

A floor-to-floor height of 108 inches (9 feet) with a 7.5-inch target riser and 10-inch treads.

total_rise = 108target_riser = 7.5tread_depth = 10
  1. 01Number of risers = round(108 / 7.5) = round(14.4) = 14 risers
  2. 02Actual riser height = 108 / 14 = 7.714 inches
  3. 03Number of treads = 14 - 1 = 13 treads
  4. 04Total run = 13 x 10 = 130 inches (10 ft 10 in)
  5. 05Comfort check: 7.714 + 10 = 17.71 in (within the 17-18 range)

Ready to run the numbers?

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