Heat Gain Calculator Formula

Understand the math behind the heat gain calculator. Each variable explained with a worked example.

Formulas Used

Total Heat Gain

total_btu = envelope_gain + people_gain + appliance_gain

Cooling Tons

tons_cooling = (envelope_gain + people_gain + appliance_gain) / 12000

Envelope Component

envelope_component = envelope_gain

Variables

VariableDescriptionDefault
floor_areaFloor Area(sq ft)1500
btu_per_sqftHeat Gain Factor(BTU/sqft)30
occupantsNumber of Occupants(people)4
appliance_wattsAppliance Heat Load(W)1000
envelope_gainDerived value= floor_area * btu_per_sqftcalculated
people_gainDerived value= occupants * 600calculated
appliance_gainDerived value= appliance_watts * 3.412calculated

How It Works

Cooling Load (Heat Gain)

Total = Envelope Gain + People Gain + Appliance Gain

Envelope gain uses a factor of 20 to 40 BTU per sq ft depending on climate and insulation. Each person adds about 600 BTU/hr. Appliances convert at 3.412 BTU per watt. One ton of cooling = 12,000 BTU/hr.

Worked Example

1,500 sq ft, 30 BTU/sqft factor, 4 people, 1000W appliances.

floor_area = 1500btu_per_sqft = 30occupants = 4appliance_watts = 1000
  1. 01Envelope = 1500 x 30 = 45,000 BTU/hr
  2. 02People = 4 x 600 = 2,400 BTU/hr
  3. 03Appliances = 1000 x 3.412 = 3,412 BTU/hr
  4. 04Total = 50,812 BTU/hr = 4.2 tons

Ready to run the numbers?

Open Heat Gain Calculator