Drainage Gravel Calculator Formula

Understand the math behind the drainage gravel calculator. Each variable explained with a worked example.

Formulas Used

Gravel Needed

gravel_cuyd = (trench_vol_cuft - pipe_vol_cuft) / 27

Approximate Weight

gravel_tons = (trench_vol_cuft - pipe_vol_cuft) / 27 * 1.4

Total Trench Volume

trench_vol = trench_vol_cuft

Variables

VariableDescriptionDefault
trench_lengthTrench Length(ft)50
trench_widthTrench Width(in)12
trench_depthTrench Depth(in)18
pipe_diameterDrain Pipe Diameter(in)4
trench_vol_cuftDerived value= trench_length * (trench_width / 12) * (trench_depth / 12)calculated
pipe_vol_cuftDerived value= trench_length * pi * pow(pipe_diameter / 24, 2)calculated

How It Works

Drainage Gravel Calculation

Gravel Volume = Trench Volume - Pipe Volume

The perforated pipe displaces some of the trench volume. Subtract its cross-sectional area multiplied by the trench length to get the net gravel volume. Use washed, angular gravel (3/4 to 1-1/2 inch) for good drainage.

Worked Example

50 ft French drain, 12 in wide, 18 in deep, with 4-inch pipe.

trench_length = 50trench_width = 12trench_depth = 18pipe_diameter = 4
  1. 01Trench volume = 50 x 1 x 1.5 = 75 cu ft
  2. 02Pipe volume = 50 x pi x (2/12) squared = 2.18 cu ft
  3. 03Gravel = (75 - 2.18) / 27 = 2.7 cu yd
  4. 04Weight = 2.7 x 1.4 = 3.8 tons

Ready to run the numbers?

Open Drainage Gravel Calculator