Bending Moment Calculator Formula

Understand the math behind the bending moment calculator. Each variable explained with a worked example.

Formulas Used

Moment from Uniform Load

moment_uniform = load_plf * pow(span, 2) / 8

Moment from Point Load

moment_point = point_load * span / 4

Total Max Moment

total_moment = load_plf * pow(span, 2) / 8 + point_load * span / 4

Variables

VariableDescriptionDefault
spanBeam Span(ft)14
load_plfUniform Load(lb/ft)250
point_loadPoint Load at Center(lbs)0

How It Works

Bending Moment

Uniform load: M = wL squared / 8

Center point load: M = PL / 4

Both produce maximum moment at mid-span for a simply supported beam. If both loads are present, add the moments together (superposition).

Worked Example

14 ft beam with 250 lb/ft uniform load.

span = 14load_plf = 250point_load = 0
  1. 01M = 250 x 14 squared / 8 = 250 x 196 / 8 = 6,125 ft-lbs
  2. 02No point load contribution
  3. 03Required section modulus = M / Fb (allowable bending stress)

Frequently Asked Questions

What units should bending moment be in?

In the US, bending moment is typically expressed in foot-pounds (ft-lbs) or inch-pounds (in-lbs). Multiply ft-lbs by 12 to get in-lbs, which is needed for beam sizing.

How do I use moment to size a beam?

Divide the moment (in inch-pounds) by the allowable bending stress (Fb in psi) to get the required section modulus (S in cubic inches). Then pick a beam with S equal to or greater than this value.

Learn More

Guide

How to Calculate Beam Load Capacity

Learn how to calculate beam load capacity using bending moment, section modulus, and material yield strength. Step-by-step engineering guide with formulas.

Ready to run the numbers?

Open Bending Moment Calculator