Titration Calculator Formula

Understand the math behind the titration calculator. Each variable explained with a worked example.

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Formulas Used

Concentration of Analyte

conc_analyte = (conc_titrant * vol_titrant * n_analyte) / (vol_analyte * n_titrant)

Moles of Titrant

moles_titrant = conc_titrant * vol_titrant / 1000

Variables

VariableDescriptionDefault
conc_titrantConcentration of Titrant(M)0.1
vol_titrantVolume of Titrant Used(mL)25
vol_analyteVolume of Analyte(mL)50
n_titrantStoichiometric Coefficient of Titrant1
n_analyteStoichiometric Coefficient of Analyte1

How It Works

How Titration Calculations Work

Formula

C_a = (C_t × V_t × n_a) / (V_a × n_t)

Where:

  • C_a = concentration of analyte
  • C_t = concentration of titrant
  • V_t = volume of titrant at equivalence point
  • V_a = volume of analyte
  • n_a, n_t = stoichiometric coefficients

    • At the equivalence point, moles of titrant and analyte are in stoichiometric ratio.

    Worked Example

    50 mL of unknown HCl is titrated with 0.1 M NaOH; 25 mL NaOH is used to reach equivalence.

    conc_titrant = 0.1vol_titrant = 25vol_analyte = 50n_titrant = 1n_analyte = 1
    1. 01C_a = (C_t × V_t × n_a) / (V_a × n_t)
    2. 02C_a = (0.1 × 25 × 1) / (50 × 1)
    3. 03C_a = 2.5 / 50
    4. 04C_a = 0.05 M

    Frequently Asked Questions

    What is a titration?

    A titration is a technique where a solution of known concentration (titrant) is added to a solution of unknown concentration (analyte) until the reaction reaches the equivalence point.

    What is the equivalence point?

    The equivalence point is when the moles of titrant exactly react with the moles of analyte in stoichiometric proportion.

    What indicators are used?

    Common indicators include phenolphthalein (colorless to pink, pH 8-10) and methyl orange (red to yellow, pH 3-4). The choice depends on the expected pH at the equivalence point.

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