Free Ion Product of Water Calculator

Calculate the ion product of water (Kw) from hydrogen ion and hydroxide ion concentrations, or find one concentration given the other and Kw.

M
M

Kw

0.0000

pKw14.00

Kw vs Hydrogen Ion Concentration [H⁺]

Ion Product of Water

Formula

Kw = [H⁺] × [OH⁻]

At 25°C, Kw = 1.0 × 10⁻¹⁴, meaning:

  • In pure water, [H⁺] = [OH⁻] = 1.0 × 10⁻⁷ M
  • If [H⁺] increases, [OH⁻] decreases proportionally
  • pKw = pH + pOH = 14 at 25°C
  • Example Calculation

    Pure water at 25°C has [H⁺] = 1.0 × 10⁻⁷ M and [OH⁻] = 1.0 × 10⁻⁷ M.

    1. 01Kw = [H⁺] × [OH⁻]
    2. 02Kw = (1.0 × 10⁻⁷)(1.0 × 10⁻⁷)
    3. 03Kw = 1.0 × 10⁻¹⁴
    4. 04pKw = 14.0

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