Free Detection Limit Calculator

Calculate the limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitation (LOQ) from blank standard deviation and calibration sensitivity.

Limit of Detection (LOD, 3sigma)

0.00000600

Limit of Quantitation (LOQ, 10sigma)0.00002000

Limit of Detection (LOD, 3sigma) vs Standard Deviation of Blank (sigma)

Limit of Detection and Quantitation

LOD is the lowest analyte concentration that can be reliably detected (S/N ≈ 3). LOQ is the lowest concentration that can be quantified with acceptable precision (S/N ≈ 10).

Formulas (ICH Method)

LOD = 3.3 × sigma / S (often simplified to 3 × sigma / S)

LOQ = 10 × sigma / S

where sigma is the standard deviation of the blank response and S is the slope of the calibration curve. This is the most common approach in pharmaceutical and environmental analysis.

Example Calculation

Blank standard deviation = 0.005, calibration slope = 2500 signal/M.

  1. 01LOD = 3 × 0.005 / 2500 = 0.015 / 2500 = 6.0 × 10⁻⁶ M = 6.0 uM
  2. 02LOQ = 10 × 0.005 / 2500 = 0.05 / 2500 = 2.0 × 10⁻⁵ M = 20 uM

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