Telescope Magnification Calculator Formula

Understand the math behind the telescope magnification calculator. Each variable explained with a worked example.

Formulas Used

Magnification

magnification = focal_obj / focal_eye

Variables

VariableDescriptionDefault
focal_objObjective Focal Length(mm)1200
focal_eyeEyepiece Focal Length(mm)25

How It Works

Telescope Magnification

M = f_objective / f_eyepiece

Swapping eyepieces changes magnification. The maximum useful magnification is roughly 2× per mm of aperture (e.g., 300× for a 150 mm telescope).

Worked Example

1200 mm scope with a 25 mm eyepiece.

focal_obj = 1200focal_eye = 25
  1. 01M = 1200 / 25 = 48×
  2. 02Objects appear 48 times larger (linearly).

Frequently Asked Questions

Is higher magnification always better?

No. Beyond the maximum useful magnification (about 2× per mm of aperture), the image becomes dim and blurry. Atmospheric turbulence also limits useful magnification.

What magnification do I need for planets?

Planets benefit from 100-250×. Jupiter's cloud bands and Saturn's rings are visible at 100×.

How does a Barlow lens work?

A Barlow is a diverging lens placed before the eyepiece that multiplies the effective focal length, typically by 2× or 3×, doubling or tripling magnification.