物种多样性计算器
使用物种多样性计算器衡量生态系统中的物种丰富度和均匀度。输入物种调查数据，计算Shannon指数和均匀度指数，评估生态群落的生物多样性健康状况。
Shannon Diversity Index
1.842 H'
Shannon Diversity Index vs Number of Species
公式
How to Calculate Species Diversity
The Shannon Diversity Index (H') measures both species richness and evenness of distribution.
Formula
H' = -Sum(pi * ln(pi)) for each species
Simplified: H' = ln(S) * J
Where S = number of species, J = evenness (0-1)
Interpretation
计算示例
A habitat with 10 species, 200 total individuals, and 0.8 evenness.
- 01Max diversity: ln(10) = 2.303
- 02Shannon index: 2.303 * 0.8 = 1.842
- 03Average per species: 200 / 10 = 20 individuals
- 04This indicates moderate diversity
常见问题
What is the Shannon Diversity Index?
The Shannon Index (H') combines species richness (number of species) and evenness (how equally individuals are distributed). Higher values indicate more diverse communities.
Why does evenness matter?
A habitat with 10 species where 90% are one species is less functionally diverse than one where all 10 species are equally represented. Evenness captures this distinction.
What is a healthy level of biodiversity?
It depends on the ecosystem. Tropical forests may have H' > 4, while tundra naturally has H' < 1. The concern is when diversity decreases relative to historical levels.