热膨胀应变计算器 — 公式

Thermal Expansion and Strain

Materials expand or contract when their temperature changes. The thermal strain is proportional to the temperature change and the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE).

Formula

epsilon_thermal = alpha × delta_T

delta_L = alpha × delta_T × L

where alpha is the CTE, delta_T is the temperature change, and L is the original length. If the component is constrained from expanding, a thermal stress develops: sigma = E × alpha × delta_T.

计算示例

A 1000 mm steel bar (alpha = 12 × 10⁻⁶/°C) heated by 100°C.

  1. epsilon = 12 × 10⁻⁶ × 100 = 0.0012 (0.12%)
  2. delta_L = 0.0012 × 1000 = 1.2 mm
  3. If constrained: sigma = 200000 × 0.0012 = 240 MPa