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在布氏、洛氏、维氏硬度之间进行换算。
Approx. UTS (steel)
690 MPa
Approx. UTS (steel) vs Brinell Hardness (HB)
公式
Hardness to Strength Conversion
For carbon and alloy steels, Brinell hardness (HB) correlates approximately with ultimate tensile strength.
Empirical Relationship
UTS (MPa) ≈ 3.45 × HB
This approximation is valid for steels in the range HB 120-450. For non-ferrous metals or very high-strength steels, the conversion factor differs. The Rockwell B approximation is a rough linear mapping useful for quick estimates.
计算示例
A steel part has a measured Brinell hardness of 200 HB.
- 01UTS ≈ 3.45 × 200 = 690 MPa
- 02In ksi: 690 × 0.145 = 100.1 ksi
- 03Approx. HRB = (200 - 49) / 2.8 + 35 = 53.9 + 35 = 88.9
常见问题
How accurate is the HB to UTS conversion?
For carbon and alloy steels in the HB 120-450 range, the approximation is within about 10%. Outside this range or for other materials, the accuracy decreases significantly.
What is the difference between Brinell and Rockwell hardness?
Brinell uses a steel or carbide ball with a known load and measures indentation diameter. Rockwell measures indentation depth with various indenters (B scale uses a ball, C scale uses a diamond cone).
Can hardness testing replace tensile testing?
For approximate screening or quality control, yes. Hardness is quick, non-destructive (practically), and correlates with strength. For formal material certification, a tensile test is still required.
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